BEYOND THEORITICAL APPROACH
GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT FACILITY LDC FUND
In light of this, other organisation and institution can periodically come in helping these LDCs through Special assistance or Aid. Such include the Global Development fund for the LDC alone in order to meet the assumed global target for buoyant national economies of the world.
The Global Environment Facility (GEF) helps developing countries fund projects and programs that protect the global environment. Established in 1991, GEF forges international cooperation and finances actions to address six critical threats to the global environment: biodiversity loss, climate change, degradation of international waters, ozone depletion, land degradation, and persistent organic pollutants (POPs). With sufficient financial curiosity, the GEF has allocated $4 billion in grants and leveraged an additional $12 billion in co-financing from other sources to support more than 1,000 projects in over 140 developing countries and countries with economies in transition. In August 2007, 46 donor nations pledged nearly $5.3 billion to fund the work of the GEF for the next four years. GEF brings together from 173 to 205 member governments, working in partnership with the private sector, NGOs, and international institutions to address complex environmental issues while supporting national sustainable development initiatives. Alot of research has been done to solve this economic problems of the LDCs for over two decades now, and such agenda has been made to keep going.
ASSISTANCE TO LDCs
In November 2001, the Conference of the Parties (COP) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), at its seventh session (COP 7 of the UNFCCC) decided that the least developed countries (LDCs) should be assisted in preparing national adaptation programmes of action (NAPAs) to address urgent and immediate needs and concerns related to adaptation to the adverse effects of climate change. It also requested the Global Environment Facility (GEF as the entity operating the financial mechanism of the UNFCCC) to provide funding for preparing NAPAs, as the first activity under the LDC fund (Established by decision 7/ CP.7 of the COP of the UNFCCC).
In December 2006, the GEF Council responded to these COP decisions by authorizing GEF support to LDCs for the preparation of NAPAs with anticipated funds from contributions towards the LDC fund (Paragraph 1 S (c) of the Joint summary of the chairs of the GEF Council meeting of December, 2001). These operational guidelines for the funding of NAPAs are intended to assist LDCs to prepare proposals for obtaining GEF funds through an expedited process.
The Global Environment Facility (GEF) organized a consultation with select LDCs and members of the LDC Expert Group in Arusha and Tanzania on February 28th and March 1st; 2002, to discuss guidelines for the preparation of NAPAs. During this Consultation the three Implementing Agencies and UNITAR presented their experiences in planning for Adaptation in developing countries.
GEF GRANTS
Four main categories of GEF grant co-financing are available through the World Bank Group:
1. Full-Sized Project funding (GEF grants over US $1 mil);
2. Medium-Sized Project funding (GEF grants up to US $1 mil);
3. Expedited Enabling Activity grants; and
4. Project Preparation Grants.
If such resources can be used for the purpose with which it was meant for, and programmes are spelt out according to the law or purpose that the commission was setup to look into such cases, then I m certainly confidant that question posed would have been answer.
There are many criterion for the LDC to succeed, and this cannot be done without first articulating agendas for their preparation such as:
. a low-income criterion, based on a three-year average estimate of the gross national income (GNI) per capita (under $750 for inclusion, above $900 for graduation);
. a human resource weakness criterion, involving a composite Human Assets Index (HAI) based on indicators of: (a) nutrition; (b) health; (c) education; and (d) adult literacy; and
. an economic vulnerability criterion, involving a composite Economic Vulnerability Index (EVI) based on indicators of: (a) the instability of agricultural production; (b) the instability of exports of goods and services; (c) the economic importance of non-traditional activities (share of manufacturing and modern services in GDP); (d) merchandise export concentration; and (e) the handicap of economic smallness (as measured through the population in logarithm); and the percentage of population displaced by natural disasters.
When this is brought into play by the seriousness of International institution, and this is not just for aid alone but for total economic and social transformation of the LDC and its entire polity.
FUNCTIONAL USE OF THE EMPERICAL PLATFORM
In meeting the needs to totally eradicate poverty and to enhance economic and social transformations, platforms has been developed to accommodate innovations, and perhaps the relics of higher standard of living. In the lond extended survey and research carried out by the AU, and other Humanitarian and International institution, the results of the findings included:
i) great improvement of quality of life for rural population, and this thanks to access to energy through the platform, specifically for women who were used to spend many hours collecting water and firewood for food preparation and agro processing;
ii) significant increase of revenues to the village shareholders in a platform, which covers the maintenance and running costs and returns a profit.
iii) each platform create income or provides permanent jobs for7 to 10 persons, such as mechanics, millers, cashiers, etc.
iv) the platform increases automatically the rate of school attendance for girls, since they are no longer obliged to permanently assist their mothers;
v) the quality of products processed through the platform, like the mill, is of best standard compared to those produced manually, moreover, less raw material is lost with the use of the platform ;
vi) thanks to the revenue generated by the platform, this tool is acquiring gradually the status of a small enterprise.
The successful introduction of the platform in Africa and the
This is the best option I think we should adopt for the LDC with regard to my research, and the caretaker review of the UNO, AU and other partnering institutions.
